Steroid Side Effects in Pets – What to Watch For

When your vet prescribes steroids, they’re usually trying to calm inflammation, pain, or an allergic reaction. But like any drug, steroids can bring unwanted reactions. Knowing the signs early can save your dog or cat from a lot of trouble.

Common side effects you might see

Most pets tolerate short courses, but longer use raises the risk of problems. Look out for these:

• Increased thirst and frequent urination – your pet may need more water and go outside more.
• Weight gain or a pot‑bellied appearance – steroids can make them hungry and store fat.
• Skin thinning, easy bruising or dark spots – the coat may look dull and wounds heal slower.
• Behavior changes – some dogs get jittery, restless, or even aggressive.
• Stomach upset – vomiting or diarrhea can happen, especially if the med is given on an empty stomach.

If any of these show up, give your vet a call. Sometimes a dose tweak or a short break can clear things up.

Rare but serious reactions

Although uncommon, severe side effects need quick action. Watch for:

• Sudden collapse or severe lethargy – could mean a dangerous drop in blood pressure.
• Signs of infection – steroids suppress the immune system, so wounds or gums might get infected fast.
• High blood sugar – especially in older cats, steroids can push glucose up and mimic diabetes.
• Eye problems – cataracts or glaucoma can develop with long‑term use.

If you notice any of these, get to the vet right away. Early treatment can prevent lasting damage.

Here are a few tips to keep side effects at bay:

• Give the exact dose at the same time each day. Missed or extra doses mess with the hormone balance.
• Feed the medication with food unless your vet says otherwise. Food helps the stomach handle the drug.
• Ask your vet about the shortest effective course. Many conditions improve in a few weeks, not months.
• Schedule regular check‑ups while the pet is on steroids. Blood work can catch hidden issues before they become visible.
• Never stop steroids abruptly. A sudden drop can cause withdrawal symptoms like weakness or vomiting. Taper off under veterinary guidance.

Remember, steroids are powerful tools when used correctly. They can relieve pain, reduce swelling, and improve quality of life for pets with arthritis, allergic skin disease, or immune disorders. The key is to stay alert, follow the vet’s instructions, and report anything odd right away.

Got more questions? Your vet is the best source for personalized advice, but this guide should give you a solid baseline for spotting and handling steroid side effects in dogs and cats.